Naming the Phalanges: _ phalanx of the _ digit of the _ hand.

(1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, or 5 th ) (Left or Right) **Note: Counting for the metacarpals 1 st through 5 th goes from “thumb” to “pinkie.” 1 2 3 4 5 Metacarpals

Naming the Metacarpals: _ metacarpal of the _ hand.

A Comparison of the Radius to the Ulna always “palm up,” palmar or supinated perspective “ Thumb” “ Pinkie” Radius (on thumb side) Ulna (on pinkie side).

1 2 3 4 5 Proximal Middle Distal Phalanges All other digits have three phalanges – proximal, middle, and distal. (1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, or 5 th ) (Left or Right) (proximal, middle, or distal) Medial Lateral **Note: The 1 st digit has only proximal & distal phalanges – no middle.

Naming the Phalanges _ phalanx of the _ digit of the _ foot.

1 2 3 4 5 Naming the Metatarsals _ metatarsal of the _ foot (1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, or 5 th ) (Left or Right) Medial Lateral Metatarsals.

A Comparison of the Tibia to the Fibula Right Leg – Anterior View Tibia Fibula Lateral Medial Right Leg – Posterior View Fibula Tibia Lateral Medial.

Epiphyseal disc (growth plates-hyaline cartilage) Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage) Spongy bone Red bone marrow (contained in spongy bone) Compact bone Medullary cavity Yellow bone marrow (within medullary cavity - made from mostly fat) Periosteum (fibrous outer “ skin” of bone) Proximal Epiphysis Diaphysis Distal Epiphysyis.

Articular Cartilage Articular Cartilage The epiphyses are divided by templates of hyaline cartilage in the young called epiphyseal discs (growth plates) which are replaced by bone in adults.

The epiphyses are covered by articular (hyaline) cartilage at the proximal and distal articulation points (joints).

The “hollow” center of the diaphysis, called the medullary cavity, is filled with a fatty substance called, yellow bone marrow, while the “hollow” spaces of the epiphyseal spongy bone are filled with blood making tissue called red bone marrow.

The epiphysis closest to the body’s center is the proximal epiphysis, while that located farthest away is the distal epiphysis.

The long shaft between the epiphyses, called the diaphysis, is composed of mostly compact bone and is “hollow.” The epiphyses are named according to their location.They are “elongated” (greater length than width) and cylindrical with enlarged, “knob-like” ends, called epiphyses (singular epiphysis ) which are mostly spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone. Long bones are bones involved with large movements.

Flat bones definition